Tillich essays

Tillich essays Tillich was born into the family of a Lutheran pastor in the village of Starzeddel, Prussia, on Aug. 20, 1886. He studied at the university of Berlin, Tbingen, Halle, and Breslau. In 1912, at the age of 26 he was ordained a minister of the Evangelical Lutheran Church. From 1914 to 1918 he was a chaplain in the German Army. Tillich believed that the traditional concept of God no longer existed and through the rest of his life he worked at redefining the concept of God, directing men to the God beyond God. Tillich taught at several Universities in Germany until 1929 where he was dismissed, when Hitler assumed power, due to his contradictory views with the growing Nazi movement. By 1933 he immigrated to the U.S. and taught at the Union Theological Seminary until 1955. During this time of adapting to a new culture, Tillich is triggered by a single fundamental question of Who am I?. He had great concern in his preservation of his old values and their translation into the terminology of this new culture. Later Tillich went on to teach at Harvard University and the University of Chicago as well as being a guest speaker for several colleges. The comprehensiveness of his thought, which was both traditional and modern and which built bridges from religious faith to secular activities, made Tillich the most influential theologian of his time in North America. Tillich's "method of correlation" related Christian affirmations to the existential questions arising in human life and history. He described himself as living on the boundary between theology and philosophy, church and society, religion and culture, idealism and Marxism, his native and his alien land. He combined such diverse traditions as classical ontology, derived from Parmenides, Plato, and Aristotle, with modern romanticism and existentialism. Tillich relies heavily on his Christian faith and his experiences f ...

Free Essays on The Giver

Imagine living in a world with no color and no feelings. That is what’s happening in a seemingly perfect world that Jonas is living in. Jonas is a boy in a community where there is no pain and no feelings; Jonas feels peculiar in this community. Then Jonas is very surprised by his chosen job. He becomes the new receiver of memories this bring many adventures, burdens, & new sensations to Jonas. This is what happens in Lois Lowry’s 165 page Newberry winner titled, The Giver. The Giver is about a boy named Jonas who lives in the future in an almost perfect community. Jonas is chosen to be the person who carries all the memories of the past, given to him by the giver... There are many good and bad things in The Giver. Some good things are that hardly anyone gets hurt. When people do get hurt they take a pill and the pain goes right away. No one ever breaks bones or anything. There are no criminals, and there are no locks on any homes or buildings. Another good thing is that everyone knows who everyone else. There are hardly ever any visitors from outside the community, but sometimes kids from other communities go play with the kids in the other community. All the people are provided with homes, jobs, and food. A bad thing about the giver’s community is release. When a person breaks a major rule, is too old, or isn’t right as a baby they get released. Release is killing. In the book there are twins and the smaller one has to be released. Thi s is an example of release. â€Å"His father turned and opened the cupboard. He took out a syringe and a small bottle. Very carefully he inserted the needle into the bottle and began to fill the syringe with a clear liquid. Jonas winced sympathetically. He had forgotten that new children had to get shots. He hated shots himself, though he knew they were necessary. To his surprise, his father began very carefully to direct the needle into the top of the new child’s forehead, puncturing the... Free Essays on The Giver Free Essays on The Giver Imagine living in a world with no color and no feelings. That is what’s happening in a seemingly perfect world that Jonas is living in. Jonas is a boy in a community where there is no pain and no feelings; Jonas feels peculiar in this community. Then Jonas is very surprised by his chosen job. He becomes the new receiver of memories this bring many adventures, burdens, & new sensations to Jonas. This is what happens in Lois Lowry’s 165 page Newberry winner titled, The Giver. The Giver is about a boy named Jonas who lives in the future in an almost perfect community. Jonas is chosen to be the person who carries all the memories of the past, given to him by the giver... There are many good and bad things in The Giver. Some good things are that hardly anyone gets hurt. When people do get hurt they take a pill and the pain goes right away. No one ever breaks bones or anything. There are no criminals, and there are no locks on any homes or buildings. Another good thing is that everyone knows who everyone else. There are hardly ever any visitors from outside the community, but sometimes kids from other communities go play with the kids in the other community. All the people are provided with homes, jobs, and food. A bad thing about the giver’s community is release. When a person breaks a major rule, is too old, or isn’t right as a baby they get released. Release is killing. In the book there are twins and the smaller one has to be released. Thi s is an example of release. â€Å"His father turned and opened the cupboard. He took out a syringe and a small bottle. Very carefully he inserted the needle into the bottle and began to fill the syringe with a clear liquid. Jonas winced sympathetically. He had forgotten that new children had to get shots. He hated shots himself, though he knew they were necessary. To his surprise, his father began very carefully to direct the needle into the top of the new child’s forehead, puncturing the... Free Essays on The Giver The Giver By Louis Lowry Jonas and his family live in a place that would be looked at as a dream in today’s world. A place that is â€Å"perfect† in many ways, free of war and pain. It’s a place where people see no color and remember few things from the past. At the age of twelve, kids become adults and their lives will change forever. At this date they are assigned their duty in the community and will serve until they are old. A Board of Elders observe children throughout their childhood to determine what there occupation best fits them. The Elders also make other important decisions for people, such as who they will marry and if they are capable of being good enough parents to raise a child. Jonas’ lives in a normal family for the time; his father, mother, sister, and a visiting Gabriela. Gabriela is a newborn that will have to be â€Å"released† because she failed to meet the community standards, so Jonas’ father took her home to try and get her â€Å"up to par† on everything. The family gets to know and love Gabriela and have a hard time â€Å"releasing† her. At the Ceremony of Twelve’s, the Elder’s announce the duties that the young people will carry out. They always go in alphabetical order and when it was Jonas’ turn to be assigned his duty, the Elders skip him. He did not know what this meant, but he would soon. The last name and duty was assigned but still nothing about Jonas. They saved the best for last; the job he was assigned was the most honorable in the Community, the Giver. Having the job of the Giver, Jonas, holds everybody’s memories. The Giver that is retiring and having Jonas take his place must transfer all his memories to Jonas. He does this by placing his hands on Jonas’ back then Jonas receives the memory. Jonas’ roll as the Giver is to use his knowledge to help advise the rest of the committee in shaping the future guidelines of the community. Jonas and the Giver make a plan for Jonas ... Free Essays on The Giver The Giver By Lois Lowry â€Å"The Giver† by Lois Lowry is about a community that is monitored very closely. Everything that the people of this community do is watched and recorded. They are punished for not doing something right or by the rules, and they are rewarded when done right. There is a procedure for everything, and they must follow the procedure or be punished. There is even a specific way that they are to apologize for doing something wrong. This community lives by â€Å"Sameness.† There is no color, the family units are not self-chosen, and they are picked by observing who would be the best mate. The two adults in the family unit must apply for children when they are ready, and they can only have two; one boy and one girl. There is a special ceremony that advances every child in the community, and at the ceremony, they give families that have applied for a child the one that the elders think would be the best child for them. When a child gets to be a twelve, he is given an assignmen t. This is to be the job that he or she will do for the rest of their time, until they are placed in The House of the Old. Once you have lived a long and fulfilling life, and you are ready to go, you will be released, and your name is placed back into the records to be recycled and used again on another Newchild. Unless you have done something very wrong, your name is used once you are gone. If you have committed some kind of wrongdoing, your name is never to be spoken again. The process of Release means that you are killed and taken care of. Everything in this community is run very smoothly and with very much order. This community uses euphemisms to sugar coat the harsh reality that things happen. Death happens, birth defects happen, under developing children happen. This community uses the euphemisms to make it easy for the people to the community to take it. If they don’t know exactly what â€Å"Release† is then they cannot fear it and they ...

Second Industrial Revolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Second Industrial Revolution - Essay Example The first industrial revolution was brought about when the entire mode of work was revolutionized, with workers shifting massively from the agricultural fields to hard-core machine-equipped industrial units. People gave up agricultural labour and joined factories, because of which manufacturing became the major industry, especially in the United States. This led to the dwindling of the agriculture and farming sector. Machinery came to occupy an important position in man's life and everything began to get mechanized. The textile mills were the first to face this mechanization, which eventually spread to other industrial sectors as well. In addition to this, the invention of the steam engine revolutionized transportation and infrastructure. The first industrial revolution enhanced job opportunities and helped in doing away with unemployment to a large extent. It led to the rise of the middle class, which consisted of industrialists and entrepreneurs over the nobility and gentry. It also led to the betterment of the working class, who found a voice. However, what remained a sad state, was the working condition. The conditions of work remained akin to the pre-Industrial era, with long working hours, child labour and the like. People's lives changed dramatically and more stress was being laid on organisations, factory units and businesses. This is when the entire perception of earning a livelihood altered drastically. Thus, the first phase of t he industrial revolution was definitely an improvement over the already existent conditions of living. However, it gave rise to the second industrial revolution, which had far-reaching effects.The second industrial revolution came about, when people started concentrating more on the services, rather than manufacturing per se. The invention of electricity, the growth of railways, and other such details. This period, between 1865 to 1900 was marked by a change in the set-up of organisations and workplaces, that became quite different. This paradigm shift changed the equations once again and set the pace for a totally different kind of work system and environment. The rise of white-collar jobs and professionals and the catering to demand as per the demands of a country 's economic disposition was seen. In addition to this, there was a general form of unemployment, with urban industrial workers taking the main seat. The organisations came to be characterised by a strong working class. For instance, the growth of labour unions and the laying down fo strong principles on the conditions of work, the voicing of opinions and the unification of

Current Events Summary Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Current Events Summary - Article Example The API reported a fall in gasoline and distillates supplies. In the weekly supply data reports of the Energy Information Administration of the Energy Department, some analysts predict that record crude inventories will weigh on oil prices, as low demand persists in developed countries. In the fourth quarter, National Australia Bank (NAB) lowered its crude prices’ forecast from 84 dollars a barrel to an average of 82 dollars. The bank reports that world oil production remains robust, even as growth in the demand in crude oil continues to fade in many developed economies, a situation that has continuously created abundant global supply of oil, particularly in countries where economic activity is still most languid. In another Nymex trading in contracts for October 2010, at 2.121 dollars, heating oil was down 0.76 cent a gallon while gasoline dropped 0.97 cents to 1.959 dollars a gallon. For every 1,000 cubic feet, natural gas dropped 1.4 cents to 3.952 dollars. Additionally, on the ICE Futures exchange, Brent crude dropped 43 cents to 78.84 dollars a barrel in London. The author of this article demonstrates a wavering of oil prices in a relatively tight range. I concur with him that world oil production remains robust despite the fact that growth in the demand for crude oil continues to languish in many developed economies. The article therefore accounts for the constant surplus in oil supply globally. In my view, Kennedy has succeeded in making explicit the factors behind the fall in oil

Comparing the Herakles Myth with Joseph Campbells Hero Myth List Essay Example for Free

Comparing the Herakles Myth with Joseph Campbells Hero Myth List Essay Karen Wagner World Mythology September 27th 2012 Essay #1 Herakles, or more commonly known as Hercules according to Disney is probably one of the most popular myths people have seen or heard, but could Herakles’ myth follow Joseph Campbell’s Hero myth list. Carl Jung defined an archetype myth or Jungian archetype as a pattern of thought that can be translated to â€Å"worldwide parallels† (â€Å"The Columbian Encyclopedia†) that the human race experiences as a culture or an individual. The myth of Herakles includes parts that compare to the Hero Archetype, but there are also parts that do not fit the archetype at all. Joseph Campbell’s list of myths for the common hero includes a list that does and does not relate to the story of Herakles. Herakles’ journey begins from the shared birth from his mother Alcmena, father Zeus and half-brother Iphikles. Hera (Zeus’ wife) decides to take revenge because of the affair Zeus had with Alcmena for Herakles. One the morning Herakles was supposed to be born Zeus had made a previous oath stating the son of his bloodline through Pereus who was born that morning would rule Mycenae. Hera made sure Zeus swore to this and sent down the goddess of childbirth Eileithuia to slow the birthing process. A sly serving girl named Galanthis had told the goddess of childbirth that Alcmena had her twins, once Eileithuia’s guard was down and so was her spell. Alcmena bore twins and Herakles was not the first born, one was the son of Amphitryon and the other Zeus. Hera decides to take action by putting snakes in the twins’ crib in hopes to â€Å"destroy Zeus’ latest offspring† (Martin 148), while Iphikles only wailed, Herakles decided to strangle both snakes to death, identifying the true son of Zeus. Amphitryon stated, â€Å"well, that one’s not my boy† (Martin 148). Herakles grew up quickly, learning his new found strength through his human father and other relatives. His first official voluntarily task was to eliminate the lion with impenetrable hide from Mt. Kithairon. Once the beast was defeated, Herakles skinned the lion and wore his mane and head as a trophy and as a form of protection (Martin 153). Herakles continued doing many labors for different people throughout a large portion of his life; he lay with many women, and marries a few as well. Herakles did some wrong doings and towards the end of his mortal life he dies and becomes immoral, forever to live on in myth. Joseph Campbell’s monomyth list for mythological adventures magnifies the formula described in the rites of passage: Departure—initiation—return. Campbell’s list for the hero archetype can be compared to Herakles, while other parts do the opposite. The first stage of the hero’s’ journey is their birth; Campbell goes into explaining that the birth involves â€Å"fabulous circumstances surrounding conception, birth, and childhood† (Campbell). Herakles’ birth could be seen under fabulous circumstances, an affair, another child, and two dead snakes on the first night; Campbell’s second stage is the â€Å"Call to Adventure† (Campbell), Herakles whilst working on his human father’s cattle ranch heard news of a lion killing the family cows, he volunteers to rid the beast and is successful in the end. Herakles had helpers throughout his journeys, such as Apollo’s grandson Eurytos teaching him archery (Martin 150) or Atlas assisting Herakles in getting the Golden Apples as one of his labors, but not from a specific being or person alone. This being a piece of the myth that doesn’t exactly fit into Campbell’s list but can still compare. Campbell’s fourth entry on the list â€Å"Crossing the Threshold† somewhat relates to Herakles’ story in that he does travel 30 days to defeat the mother of all lions, another with impenetrable hide. Campbell’s crossing the threshold entry explains that the hero must undergo a task or event that takes the hero from everyday life into the â€Å"world of adventure† (Campbell); this could be something small from traveling to a cave or traveling for 30 days. One of the major parts of the myth of Herkales is his love for labors he provides for his people, this definitely relates to Campbell’s work, in that his number five explains the tests the hero must go through, involving a series of monsters and traveling to different worlds and each conquered task increases said hero’s ability to overcome even stronger encounters he will face. Campbell’s number six on his list goes into the helpers the hero will encounter through his journey, this also relates to Herakles. There were parts in his myth where Herakles needed assistance, for example when Herakles wanted to get the golden apples as one of his labors, he asked Atlas to go and he would hold up the heavens until he returned, even though Herakles sort of deceived Atlas in the end, he was still of assistance to the hero. The climax and final battle of Herakles involved his attempt at sacrifice and a struggle to continue living. He was given a cloak that was accidentally poisoned by his wife Deianeira with a previous enemies’ blood that mixed in with the blood he dipped his arrows from one of his labors. The cloak began to tighten around the hero and poison him; he sought revenge on his wife to discover she already killed herself in learning what she had done. Herakles’ myth doesn’t have a happy ending like Campbell’s list basically says in 9, 10, and 11, Herakles’ dies to live on forever immorally, or in this case actually passed but his fame lives on, his story is continued being told and he is recognized as a Greek hero, without any sort of â€Å"elixir† Campbell mentioned in his list, feasting with the gods and his god parents, Zeus and Hera (Martin 179), the mother who was trying to rid him from the beginning. Campbell’s list is to describe how a hero myth translates to actual events and situations people encounter in their lives while growing up, there is an underlying meaning to each situation that happens to the hero. While some parts did relate to Campbell’s list, overall Herakles’ myth strays away from following his list, although there are parts that do relate, the myth is still completely different from Campbell’s interpretation and Jung’s archetype definition, giving Herakles his own myth and his own journey that’s not as cliche from the rest of the myths in the world.

Embryo Diagnosis Essay -- Genetics Science Technology Pregnancy Essays

Embryo Diagnosis Karen and Roger have decided to start a family. Again. It has been nearly six years since their first and only child, Katie, was born, and just over two years since she died. In her four years of life, Katie was plagued with the fatal Tay-sachs disease. Because the enzyme needed to rid her brain of fatty materials was absent at birth, she lost her sight when she was only eighteen months old. Her ability to operate the left side of her body was gone several months later. Understandably, the loss of their daughter devastated the young couple. The difficulty of watching their little girl suffer and knowing it was their genetic makeup that caused her pain made it harder to try having another baby. They honestly didn't know if they could bring another child into a world of hurt and certain death. Breakthroughs in genetic technology has brought hope for healthy children to the distraught couple. Through embryo diagnosis, it is very possible for Karen and Roger to have a baby that is free of the horrible disease. What they struggle with now is whether they believe it is ethically correct. In the fast-paced, ever growing world of genetics, we as a responsible society must take time to scrutinize the new technologies from both ethical and scientific standpoints. The questions we are to answer are both difficult and morally challenging. One such question involves embryo diagnosis. Is it morally correct to pick and choose which embryos are genetically acceptable? On the other hand, how ethical is it to allow a child to be born with a terminal disease, when technologies at hand could have prevented such pain? After looking at both sides, it is my belief that embryo diagnosis can do the human race worlds of go... ...Biosis. What is Genetic Screening? http://www.sci.comm.org.uk/biosis/human/whatis1.html Bonnicksen, Andrea. "Genetic Diagnosis of Human Embryos." Hastings Center Report Jul.-Aug. 1992:s5-10 "Footnotes." Scientific American June 1993: 130 "Healthy Baby is Born After Test for Deadly Gene." The New York Times 28 Jan. 1994:a17 Institute of Medicine. Assessing Genetic Risks National Academy Press Washington D.C. 1994 Kastilahn, Kathleen. "Back to Genesis." The Lutheran Feb. 1993:9-15 Kolata, Gina. "Genetic Defects Detected in Embryos Just Days Old." The New York Times 24 Sept. 1992:a1+ Rinard, Peggy. "Mapping the Inner Frontier." Health Sciences 1992:3-7 Thompson, et al. Genetics in Medicine W.B. Saunders Company, United States. 1991 Wheeler, David L. "War on a Disease." The Chronicle of Higher Learning May 18, 1994 a10-a15.

Filipino Fashion Essay

Just when you think that Filipinas do not know how to strut on the catwalk, Filipinas do not just have the passion to wear designed clothes; Filipinas are natural fashionistas. Tracing its origins, Filipinos had long since been very innovative and creative in the kind of clothes that they wear. The early settlers wore bahag, a loincloth commonly used by Filipino men before the European colonizers arrived. This is mostly used by indigenous tribes in the mountains, and until now, is still used in the Cordilllera Mountain. But this is not being looked down upon as a lowly garment as it is made of well-chosen materials, woven in intricate designs that are unique with each individual wearing it. The Barong Tagalog and Baro’t Saya are the country’s national costume. The barong is made of a variety of fabrics like the pià ±a fabric, jusi, and banana fabric. This is worn by men during official and special personal occasions. Nowadays, the barong has now been modernized with the polo barong, â€Å"gusot-mayaman† (â€Å"gusot† means â€Å"wrinkled† and â€Å"mayaman† means â€Å"wealthy†), linen barongs and shirt-jack barongs. Barong Tagalog The baro’t saya is the national dress and is worn by women. This is characterized by having a huge paà ±uelo or shawl around the shoulders, and the terno, having the butterfly sleeves popularized by former First Lady Imelda Marcos. As the years passed, the influence of the West and the influence of the East on local fashion has made Filipino fashion an ecclectic one. Some of the popular Filipino fashion designers we have today include Mich Dulce, Rafe Totengco, and Monique Lhuillier.

Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court (Book Report) Essay

Mark Twain is often thought of as the most cynical writer in American literature. A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court is perhaps one of greatest works. In this amusing story, Twain takes an American entrepreneur from his own day and age, and thrusts him back to the age of King Arthur. The novel is therefore about how a nineteenth-century American industrialist might act if he found himself in medieval England. Mark Twain sees the Industrial Age in which he lived as a rabid attempt to exploit everyone and everything. And, that’s exactly what Hank Morgan, also known as the â€Å"Boss†, does when he gets to Camelot. Hank uses science and technology to exploit Camelot. Threatened with execution, Hank remembers that an eclipse is supposed to occur in the near future, and he uses this knowledge to convince King Arthur and the rest of Camelot that Hank is a stronger magician than Merlin. Once Hank gains King Arthurs trust, he is able to do whatever he wants with Camelot and its people. Hank quickly goes about â€Å"improving† Camelot with industries and technologies that are common to nineteenth-century America. One of his schemes is to â€Å"invent† soap and making it available to all of the people of Camelot (since the people didn’t bathe as frequently in the third-century as they did in the nineteenth). Hank is appalled at how much power that the Established Church has over the people. So he decides that the people need to be educated, which will, naturally, weaken the church’s hold. Of course, being an entrepreneur at heart, Hank can’t help but look on Camelot as an opportunity for exploiting people with his superior knowledge. In a very memorable scene, Hank describes the religious devotions of many of the monks of the time as, a monk who expresses his devotion to God by bowing over and over again, all day long, without stopping. Rather than being impressed by the monk’s passionate display of faith, Hank notes the astounding amount of energy the monk puts out every day. Not to see this wasted, he hooks up a sewing machine to the monk, using his bowing motions to run the machine. In this manner Hank manufactures and sells garments as religious souvenirs, and tells the reader–with not a little satisfaction–about the wild success of these garments. Beyond Twain’s customary critiques on slavery and religion, the book also  offers a somewhat different brand of cynicism Twain’s critique of science and progress. When Hank Morgan arrives in Camelot, it is a fairy-tale city that has long represented both nobility and weaknesses. Then, in his quest to â€Å"improve† the city, he destroys it. Everything that defines the time from the smelly, unwashed people to their superstitions and religious fervor is exploited in the name of progress. Here, then, we see Hank Morgan as an expression of Twain’s dislike with the value of modern progress.

Battle of Harpers Ferry During the American Civil War

Battle of Harpers Ferry During the American Civil War The Battle of Harpers Ferry was fought September 12-15, 1862, during the American Civil War (18611865). Background Following his victory at the Second Battle of Manassas in late August 1862, General Robert E. Lee elected to invade Maryland with the goals of resupplying the Army of Northern Virginia in enemy territory as well as inflicting a blow on Northern morale.   With Major General George B. McClellans Army of the Potomac mounting a leisurely pursuit, Lee split his command with Major Generals James Longstreet, J.E.B. Stuart, and D.H. Hill entering and remaining in Maryland while Major General Thomas Stonewall Jackson received orders to swing west then south to  secure Harpers Ferry.   The site of   John Browns 1859 raid, Harpers Ferry was situated at the confluence of the Potomac and Shenandoah Rivers and contained a Federal arsenal.   On low ground, the town was dominated by Bolivar Heights to the west, Maryland Heights to northeast, and Loudoun Heights to the southeast. Jackson Advances Crossing the Potomac north of Harpers Ferry with 11,500 men, Jackson intended to attack the town from the west.   To support his operations, Lee dispatched 8,000 men under Major General Lafayette McLaws and 3,400 men under Brigadier General John G. Walker to secure Maryland and Loudoun Heights respectively.   On September 11, Jacksons command approached Martinsburg while McLaws reached Brownsville approximately six miles northeast of Harpers Ferry.   To the southeast, Walkers men were delayed due to a failed attempt to destroy the aqueduct carrying the Chesapeake Ohio Canal over the Monocacy River.   Poor guides further slowed his advance. The Union Garrison As Lee moved north, he expected the Union garrisons at Winchester, Martinsburg, and Harpers Ferry to be withdrawn to prevent being cut off and captured.   While the first two fell back, Major General Henry W. Halleck, the Union general in chief, directed Colonel Dixon S. Miles to hold Harpers Ferry despite requests from McClellan for the troops there to join the Army of the Potomac.   Possessing around 14,000 largely inexperienced  men, Miles had been assigned to Harpers Ferry in disgrace after a court of inquiry found that he had been drunk during the First Battle of Bull Run the previous year.   A 38-year veteran of the US Army who had been brevetted for his role in the Siege of Fort Texas  during the Mexican-American War, Miles failed to understand the terrain around Harpers Ferry and concentrated his forces in the town and on Bolivar Heights.   Though perhaps the most important position, Maryland Heights was only garrisoned by around 1,600 men under Colonel Thomas H. Ford. The Confederates Attack On September 12, McLaws pushed forward Brigadier General Joseph Kershaws brigade.   Hampered by difficult terrain, his men moved along Elk Ridge to Maryland Heights  where they encountered Fords troops.   After some skirmishing, Kershaw elected to pause for the night.   At 6:30 AM the next morning, Kershaw resumed his advance with Brigadier General William Barksdales brigade in support on the left.   Twice assaulting the Union lines, the Confederates were beaten back with heavy losses.   Tactical command on Maryland Heights that morning devolved  to Colonel Eliakim Sherrill as Ford had taken  ill.   As the fighting continued, Sherrill fell when a bullet struck his cheek.   His loss shook his regiment, the  126th New York, which had only been in the army  three weeks.   This, coupled with an attack on their flank by Barksdale, caused the New Yorkers to break and flee to the rear. On the heights, Major Sylvester Hewitt rallied the remaining units and assumed a new position.   Despite this, he received orders from Ford at 3:30 PM to retreat back across the river even though 900 men from the 115th New York remained in reserve.   As McLaws men struggled to take Maryland Heights, Jackson and Walkers men arrived in the area.   In Harpers Ferry, Miles subordinates quickly realized that the garrison was surrounded and implored their commander to mount a counterattack on Maryland Heights.   Believing that holding Bolivar Heights was all that was necessary, Miles refused.   That night, he dispatched Captain Charles Russell and nine men from the 1st Maryland Cavalry to inform McClellan of the situation and that he could only hold out for forty-eight hours.   Receiving this message, the McClellan directed VI Corps to move to relieve the garrison and sent multiple  messages to Miles informing him that aid was coming.   These failed to arrive in time to inf luence events. The Garrison Falls The next day, Jackson commenced emplacing guns on Maryland Heights while Walker did the same on Loudoun.   While Lee and McClellan fought to the east at the ​​​Battle of South Mountain, Walkers guns opened fire on Miles positions around 1:00 PM.   Later that afternoon,  Jackson directed Major General A.P. Hill  to move along the west bank of the Shenandoah to threat Union left on Bolivar Heights.   As night fell, Union officers in Harpers Ferry knew that the end was approaching but remained unable to convince Miles to attack Maryland Heights.   Had they moved forward, they would have found the heights guarded by a single regiment as McLaws had withdrawn the bulk of his command to aid in blunting VI Corps advance at Cramptons Gap.   That night, against Miles wishes, Colonel Benjamin Davis led 1,400 cavalrymen in a breakout attempt.   Crossing the Potomac, they slipped around Maryland Heights and rode north.   In the course of their escape, they c aptured one of Longstreets reserve ordnance trains and escorted it north to Greencastle, PA. As dawn rose on September 15, Jackson had moved around 50 guns into position on the heights opposite Harpers Ferry.   Opening fire, his artillery struck Miles rear and flanks on Bolivar Heights and preparations commenced for an assault at 8:00 AM.   Believing the situation hopeless and unaware that relief was en route, Miles met with his brigade commanders  and made the decision to surrender.   This was met with some hostility from a number of his officers who demanded the opportunity to fight their way out.   After arguing with a captain from the 126th New York, Miles was struck in the leg by a Confederate shell.   Falling, he had so angered his subordinates that it initially proved difficult to find someone to carry him to the hospital.   Following Miles wounding, Union forces moved forward with the surrender. Aftermath The Battle of  Harpers Ferry saw the Confederates sustain 39 killed and  247 wounded  while Union losses totaled 44 killed, 173 wounded, and 12,419 captured.   In addition, 73 guns were lost.      The  capture of the Harpers  Ferry garrison represented the Union  Armys largest surrender of the  war and the US Armys largest until the fall of  Bataan in 1942.   Miles  died  from his wounds on September 16 and never  had to face the consequences for his performance.  Ã‚  Occupying the town, Jacksons men took possession of a large volume of Union  supplies and the arsenal.   Later that afternoon, he received urgent word from Lee to rejoin the main army at Sharpsburg.   Leaving Hills men to parole the Union prisoners, Jacksons troops marched north where they would play a key  role in the Battle of Antietam on September 17. Armies Commanders Union Colonel Dixon S. Milesapprox. 14,000 men Confederate Major General Thomas Stonewall Jacksonapprox. 21,000-26,000 men Selected Sources: Civil War Trust: Battle of Harpers FerryNational Park Service: Battle of Harpers FerryHistoryNet: Battle of Harpers Ferry

10 Ways To Form a Compound Noun

10 Ways To Form a Compound Noun 10 Ways To Form a Compound Noun 10 Ways To Form a Compound Noun By Maeve Maddox Compound nouns are of three kinds: open, hyphenated, and closed. As the names imply, â€Å"open compounds† are written as separate words, â€Å"hyphenated compounds† are written with one or more hyphens, and â€Å"closed compounds† are written as a single word. Many compounds begin as open, progress to hyphenated, and finish as closed. Because of the modern preference to avoid hyphenating words as much as possible, newly created compounds tend to develop closed forms earlier than they might have in the past. Some compounds written as one word in US usage are hyphenated in British usage. Compound nouns are formed by combining different parts of speech. This list of ten is not exhaustive. 1. noun + noun wheeler-dealer bedroom shoelace 2. noun + preposition/adverb hanger-on voice-over passerby (Br. passer-by) 3. noun + adjective attorney general battle royal poet laureate 4. noun + verb airlift haircut snowfall 5. adjective + noun high school poor loser redhead 6. adjective + verb well-being whitewashing 7. preposition/adverb + noun off-ramp onlooker 8. verb + noun singing lesson washing machine 9. verb + preposition/adverb warm-up know-how get-together follow-through 10. word + preposition + word free-for-all mother-in-law word-of-mouth Most compound nouns form their plurals like any other noun: by adding an s to the end of the word: wheeler-dealers, washing machines, onlookers. A few, like mother-in-law and hole in one do not place the s at the end, but on the most significant word: mothers-in-law, holes in one. Some compounds of French origin in which the adjective stands last have more than one acceptable plural (depending upon the dictionary): attorney generals or attorneys general court martials or courts martial film noirs, films noir, or films noirs runner-ups or runners-up Because there are no hard and fast rules regarding the writing of compound nouns, stylebooks advise writers to consult a dictionary when in doubt. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:45 Synonyms for â€Å"Food†Time Words: Era, Epoch, and EonHow Do You Pronounce "Often"?

Christology and Ecclesiology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Christology and Ecclesiology - Essay Example They set forth two reasons for the divinity of Christ, the first one being "dynamic monarchianism" which explains the divinity of Jesus resulting from him being the carrier of a divine power, which "descended upon the man Jesus."(Grenz pg 57) The complete divinity of Christ thought was established at the First Ecumenical Council at Nicea1 in 325, based on Arius' view that Jesus was "begotten of the Father, of the substance of the Father, begotten not made, of one substance with the Father." (Grenz pg 59) Christology is the reaffirmation of our belief and confession in the godliness of Jesus, who is the road to our salvation. The authors of the new Testament strongly believed that Jesus combines in his person the role of God and Savior (2 Pet.1:1, pg 246) Jesus' divinity is attributed to his perfect life or what may be called his "sinlessness" (pg. 252) which was only possible because in Jesus could be seen "a veritable existence of God" (pg. 252) the resurrection of Jesus Christ, which is at the heart of Christian faith, points to the divinity of Jesus. (pg. 259) the historical life of Jesus reveals his humanity, and he becomes not just an "embodiment of God," but of his willingness to be a part of the 'life in community" which he participated in his life on Earth. (pg. 272) According to Stanley Grenz (1994) "The idea of covenant... Baptists, the covenant that joins believers together in the church of Jesus Christ is sealed in believer's baptism." However, during the period of the 1100s and 1200s, theology took on different perspectives. For example, theology did not just mean a discourse related to God, "it now became the rational explication of divine revelation."3 (Yves M.J. Conjar, 1968) The salient points highlighted in Stanley Grenz' book titled "Theology for the Community of God" are traditional themes incorporated in the Christian doctrine related to God, humankind, Christ, Church and the Holy Spirit. Grenz' work is a masterful blend of the traditional, contemporary and the historical to provide us with a coherent outlook involving our Christian faith through the establishment of community with God as its Father. In referring to God as the High Priest of the Church and all of us are his children, he describes a women's place within the community; Grenz expresses his views stating "that women ought to be full participants with men in all dimensions of church life and ministry" (Grenz, 1995, p. 143). Conclusion Grenz' views on Christ as the High Priest of the Church and the faith of the Christian community as a whole in relation to it, has come in for a lot of criticisms from other theologians, especially his notion that women too can be equal participants in both church life as well as ministry. Many theologians criticized him on these grounds and never accepted his views on this. Grenz' view of God's image in relation to God and man is taken to be a serious misrepresentation and is said to be misleading. Grenz is supposed to have charged 'complimentarians with the violation of 'ecclesiological principle of the priesthood of all believers.'4 (J. Grenz with Denise Muir Kjesbo, 1995)

Equity and trusts Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Equity and trusts - Case Study Example As was stated in Knight v Knight2 by Lord Langdale MR, there are three certainties that must be present in order to constitute a valid express trust, they are certainty of words, certainty of subject matter and certainty of objects.3 The certainty of words requirement was described in Re Kayford Ltd.4 as being akin to a certainty of intention. The intention is to impose a mandatory obligation on the trustees of how the trust property is to be dealt with. As was stated in Banks v Goodfellow5 the testator does not need to have the understanding of a lawyer as to the contents of the document but a clear intention to trust, must be present. The certainty of subject matter relates to the trust property. The trust property must be clearly defined and identified. Otherwise the trust must fail as who is to decide which assets are to form the basis of the trust. The case law has established that uncertainty as to the subject matter can either be conceptual or evidential. By conceptual uncertainty is meant that it is impossible to ascertain what the intention of the testator was. For example, in Palmer v Simmonds6 Kindersley V-C said that a trust could not be created, as a 'definite, clear and certain part' of the estate had not been identified. The court is willing to exert effort in ascertaining the trust property as Ungoed-Thomas did in Re Golay7 where he found that a 'reasonable income' was capable of ascertainment by the court, but if there is no clear property, there can be no trust. What's more, the allocation of property must be specific. In Hemmens v Wilson Browne (a firm)8 it was held that a right to payment of 110,000 at any time could not form a trust as the sum was unspecific, or in the words of Judge Moseley QC, 'there was no identifiable fund to which any trust could attach.'9 I think it is fair to say that 'my houses' is sufficiently specific to allow for ascertainment. To my stepdaughter Analise the home of my parents with instructions that the property is held within the family in perpetuity. This provision raises two concerns. The first is that there is a good chance that Lady Penelope does not presently own the house of her parents. While there are tax and other reasons why she may own it, we are informed that her parents were still alive at the time of her death. If Lady Penelope does not presently own the house of her parents, then it is impossible for her to create a valid trust over it. While she may have been due to inherit the house, we are told that her parents are still alive and this would therefore not occur. It is a fact of law that it is not possible to create a trust for property that the testator does not own yet, but hopes to own in the future. This has been expressly stated in the case of future inheritance under a will or intestacy.10 In Re Ellenborough11 the settlor granted in 1893 to trustees, any property she may become entitled to in the future on the deaths of her brother or sister. When her brother died nine years later, she decided not to give the property to the trustees, and Buckley J upheld her decision on the ground that no trust could have been created in 1893 over property that the